CHROMOSOME SATELLITE ASSOCIATION FREQUENCIES IN COLCHICINE ARRESTED
PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE METAPHASES OF CONTROL AND OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED
HUMAN DONORS
JENÕ MAJOR, MÁTYÁS G. JAKAB, ANNA TOMPA
József Fodor National Center for Public Health
National Institute of Chemical Safety, Budapest, Hungary
Corresponding author: Jen? Major,
József Fodor National Center for Public Health
National Institute of Chemical Safety,
Department of Human Genotoxicology
H-1450 Budapest, P.O. Box 36, Hungary,
Tel: (+36) 1215-7890
Fax: (+36) 1215 2904
E-mail: j_major@mailexcite.com
CEJOEM 1999, Vol.5. No.1.:26-34
Abbreviations:
ACN = acrylonitrile, PAH = polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;
AML = acute myeloid leukaemia; PBL = peripheral blood lymphocyte;
BrdU = 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine; PCB = polychlorinated biphenyls;
CA = chromosome aberration; PCC = premature chromosome condensation;
DMF = dimethyl-formamide; PRI = proliferation rate index;
ECD = early centromere division; SA = satellite association;
ETO = ethylene oxide; SE = standard error.
MC = permitted maximum concentration;
ABSTRACT: In order to investigate the importance of satellite association
(SA) of acrocentric human metaphase chromosomes in cancer risk assessment,
SA frequencies were studied in PBLs of 400 Hungarian subjects including
188 control donors and 212 subjects occupationally exposed to different
genotoxic chemicals, such as acrylonitrile (ACN) and/or dimethylformamide
(DMF), benzene, cytostatic drugs, ethylene oxide (ETO), mixed exposure
in rubber industry, mixed organic solvents including CCl4, hot oil mist,
bitumen, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). SA data were compared with
the obtained chromosome aberration (CA) frequencies. Mitotic chromosomes
were prepared by the standard methods, including 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine
for cell cycle analysis and 0.4 µg/ml colchicine for the arrest of
metaphases, and 100 metaphases per donor were scored blind. SA yields were
extremely high in each investigated population, regardless to the exposure;
however, CA yields were increased as expected in the exposed groups, compared
with controls. The present findings suggest that the standard cytogenetic
methods used for routine cytogenetic risk assessment, giving good results
for CA are inappropriate for the investigation of SA, and, consequently,
SA cannot be considered as a cytogenetic end point for risk assessment
when standard cytogenetic methods are used.
KEY WORDS: Acrocentric chromosomes, chromosome aberrations, genotoxicology
monitoring, risk assessment
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors thank Mrs. Irén Rétháti,
Mrs. Anna Herczeg, Mrs. Andrea Herczeg-Tóth and Mrs. Ibolya Sinka
for the technical assistance. This work was financially supported by the
grant of Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Hungary, ETT T-08 241/96.
Received: 20 May 1998
Accepted: 18 December 1998
Posted: December 1999 |
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